Visa operates the Visa Acquirer Monitoring Program (VAMP) to identify acquirers and merchants with excessive dispute or fraud rates and promote fraud contro...
Mon, 2 Feb, 2026 at 11:16 AM
Mastercard has the Mastercard Acquirer Chargeback Monitoring Program (ACMP), which includes two tiers:
Excessive Chargeback Merchant (ECM)
High Excessi...
Mon, 2 Feb, 2026 at 11:16 AM
American Express (Amex) operates as both a card network and an issuing bank, providing businesses with tools to manage transactions while reducing fraud and...
Mon, 2 Feb, 2026 at 11:16 AM